Women In Science Badge Women in Science
1. All scientists, whether they are male or female, need to be good observers. Practice your observation skills by completing an observation puzzle. Complete a puzzle that has two similar pictures, but really, the pictures have 5-10 differences.
2. The scientific method is a very important aspect of science. All scientists have to use the scientific method if they want to solve an experiment. The method has five basic steps, which are problem/question that you are trying to solve, hypothesis, design the experiment, do the experiment, and conclusion. Memorize and understand the five steps of the scientific method.
3. Biology is the study of life. Virginia Apgar was a scientist who majored in biology and became a doctor. In 1952, Dr. Apgar created the Apgar test, a test given to newborn infants to check if they are healthy. The Apgar test checks the baby's color, heart rate, reflex, muscle tone, and respiratory effort. Learn more about Dr. Apgar and her procedure.
4. Today, cosmetics constitute a multi-billion dollar industry. But inventing a new cosmetic is not easy! Hazel Bishop, a woman who created smear-proof lipstick, explained how creating cosmetics actually involves a lot of science, especially chemistry. Learn about Hazel Bishop, a woman who worked in jobs not common for women in her day, and see what it is like to create cosmetics by creating your own perfume
5. Acids, bases, and the pH scale are all very important aspects of chemistry, as well as with other areas of science. They are important to know about because if a scientist creates a substance too acidic, it could be harmful to people and science equipment, but if something is too basic, it can have a slimy texture. For these reasons, food scientists, like Allene Rosalind Jeanes, have to know a lot about acids and bases, and have to be able to determine if something is an acid or a base.
6. Have you ever cooked outside, but without using a fire or barbeque? Dr. Maria Telkes, a woman who was an inventor in solar energy, created a solar oven, and you could cook with it, by only using the heat of the sun. Learn about Dr. Telkes. They are simple to make, and you can make one even out of a recycled pizza box! You can get instructions on www.solarnow.org/pizzabox.htm. After you make your oven, bake or cook something for you to enjoy with your troop/group.
7. Physics is the science of matter and energy and of interactions between the two. Madame Marie Curie is one of the most famous female scientists, and physicists. Learn about Marie Curie and her contributions to physics. Then, become a physicist by doing a simple physics experiment One fun experiment uses different types of balls, and friction. Here is how to do the experiment using tennis balls, rubber balls, and a bowl of water:
1. Place a tennis ball into a bowl of water and try to spin it.
2. Palace a rubber ball into a bowl of water and try to spin it.
3. Which one is easier to spin? The answer is all because of friction. The ball which is easier to spin creates less friction, than the one which is harder to spin.
8. Did you know there is a branch of science that studies laughter? Well there is! Gelotology, a fairly new branch of science, is the psychological study of laughter, and gelotologists, the people who study it, discovered that it is actually healthy to laugh! Laughing makes people happier, and can relieve stress, and it can even boost the immune system. Learn about Jo-Anne Bachorowski, or another female laughing researcher.
9. Meteorology is the study of the earth's atmosphere. Learn about Caterina Scarpellini, a woman who greatly contributed to meteorology.
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